162 actas del ii congreso internacional de literatura mística Table 1 (continued) Statement Source [Perfection] is achieved through meditation, which is a process of mindfulness and concentration, (i.e., vipaśyanā), which is the contemplation of Buddhist teaching and the awareness and the truth of human existence. Harvey, 1990; Keown, 1992; Prebish, 1975 The term Buddha means awakened, illuminated, or enlightened. Buswell, 2003; Harvey, 1990; Kohn, 2000; Strong, 2001; Thomas, 1994 Mindfulness includes control over the body and the mind; meditation cannot help a wo/man who lives a scattered lifestyle. Gunaratana, 2002; Harvey, 1990; Hawkins, 1999; Keown, 1992; 2000a; 2000b; Nyanaponika, 1971 Mindfulness is extroverted meditation, and meditation is interior mindfulness. Mizuno, 1987; Prebish, 1975a; 1975b Concentration involves stilling the mind and focusing in order to allow the work of insight. Harvey, 1990; Klostermaier, 2000 Central to the Buddhist teaching is practical renunciation of the worldly appetites binding the soul to suffer and experience illusion. Donath, 1974; Gyatso, 2008; Sadakata, 1997; Thomas, 1994 In nirvāna, the self then begins to perceive changeless spiritual reality, timelessness, freedom from thoughts and/or cognitions, infinity, spiritual knowledge, expansiveness, and oneness. Harvey, 1990; Juergensmeyer, 2006; Lopez, 1995; 2001 The discovery of selflessness and the true self, results in the transformation of worldview and the development of awareness, meaning, purpose, happiness, self-realization, self-actualization, and tolerance, which facilitate positive human relationships. Martin, 2004; Mitchell, 2001; Ray, 1994; Smith, 1973; Solihu, 2009c [I]n order to stop disappointment and suffering wo/man must stop desiring. Harvey, 1990; Schumann, 1973
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