170 actas del ii congreso internacional de literatura mística Table 1 (continued) Statement Source Ultimately, in Hinduism, yoga agrees with the essential metaphysics of Sāṅkhya, but differs from it in that while Sāṅkhya holds that knowledge is the means of liberation, yoga is a system of active striving, mental discipline, and dutiful action; and introduces the conception of God. Elliot, 2003 A unique characteristic of Hindu thought, shared by all schools of Hindu philosophy, is the recognition of the true self or atman as the ultimate source of consciousness and an autonomous entity distinct from the mind. Bhaktivedanta, 1997a; 1997b; Cowell & Gough, 1882 The super-sensuous and direct experience of God or ultimate reality [can be] obtained. Dasgupta, 1922; Radhakrishnan, 1995; 1996 [T]he opening and balancing the Third Eye Chakra, or ajna chakra or seat of intuition, [is] the key step in spiritual evolution and optimal functionality. Basham, 1999; Dasgupta, 1922; Dowson, 1888; Flood, 1996; Radhakrishnan, 1995; 1996; Radhakrishnan & Moore, 1967 In Hinduism, the word yoga is used to refer to one of the six orthodox āstika, or schools of Hindu philosophy. Flood, 1996; 2000; Müller, 1899; It is a physical, mental, and spiritual discipline, originating in ancient India, that has as its goal the attainment of mokṣa, (i.e., a state of perfect spiritual insight and tranquility) while meditating on the Hindu concept of reality and divinity, or Brahman. Flood, 1996; Gambhirananda, 1998 The goals of yoga are varied and range from improving health to achieving mokṣa, which is liberation from all worldly suffering and the cycle of samsara, [i.e., the cycle of birth and death], at which point there is realization of identity with the Supreme Brahman, and ultimately self-realization and self-actualization. Basham, 1999; Dasgupta, 1922; Flood, 1996; Radhakrishnan, 1995; 1996; Radhakrishnan & Moore, 1967 In the Mahabharata, the goal of yoga is variously described as entering the world of Brahma, as Brahman, or as perceiving the Brahman or atman that pervades all things. Dasgupta, 1922; Flood, 1996; Radhakrishnan, 1995; 1996
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