183 thiempactofmysticalexperienceonself-actualizationw,orldviewu,nderstandinga,ndtoleranceinbuddhisme,asternorthodoxhy,induisma,ndislam Table 2 (continued) Themes and Meaning Units Evidence in Text Source (1) Self-Concept and Ontological Separation Islamic A false image of the self results when the self is identified with the body’s motor motives, i.e., propensities and impulses; and through satanic influence, the spirited and appetitive powers of the soul rebel against the aql, or the soul’s rational power and first knowledge. Al-Ghazali, 2000 The disharmony results in separation from the knowledge, experience, and presence of Allāh. Al-Ghazali, 2000 (2) Reality and Spiritual Cognition Buddhist The apprehension of spiritual energies and realities is transcendental and supersedes the ability of the skandhas, or aggregates of form, sensation, perception and/or cognition, volition, and consciousness. Bechert & Gombrich, 1984; Powers, 2000; Prebish, 1975a; 1975b; 2001; Zysk, 1991 The ajna, (which is commonly translated into English as ‘third eye’), is: (a) the ‘eye of intuition’; (b) the center of activity that receives, assimilates, and expresses lifeforce energy; and (c) the vehicle for insight into the higher planes and the seat of the undifferentiated; it must be protected and cultivated through struggle and activated by meditation and exercises. Natha, 2001; Williams & Tribe, 2000 A process of purification and discipline are required to experience nirvāna, i.e., extinction. Harvey, 1990; Keown & Prebish, 2004; Kloppenbor, 1974; Saddhatissa, 1987 e impact of mys ic l experience on self-actualiza i n...
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