Primavera otoño 2020 (Año LXIII Núms. 122-123)

horizontes@pucpr.edu Año LXIV Núm. 124-125 horizontes PRIMAVERA / OTOÑO 2021 PUCPR 73 performance. The Nike SPARQ Sensory Station included software and hardware to analyze depth, action-reaction time, perception span, visual clarity, eye-hand coordination, visual endurance, and contrast sensitivity. Information collected from the equipment was analyzed and compared for an experimental versus control group using different assessments. Using the Nike SPARQ station improved motor skill learning. Researchers studied interactive multimedia to improve learning skills for students who practiced volleyball (Gunawan et al., 2019). Experimental groups of 40 students showed that those exposed to interactive multimedia performed better based on their learning model versus the control group. Researchers studied sports performance in volleyball athletes before, during, and after a six- week sports-visual-training program (Formenti et al., 2019). The investigators evaluated reaction time, ball control, and perceptual velocity using visual tasks, sports-specific videos, and interruption of stereoscopic vision. After six weeks, training resulted in improvements in test results compared to tests administered before the six-week training program. However, it was not clear if the results translated into improved results on the sports field. H’mida et al. (2020) studied how still images and videos could help a person learn a motor skill. The study had 162 judo students using different criteria. The students were divided into four groups to use still images, videos, moving images, or a variant of the groups. The results showed that the group that watched videos, like those who watched moving images, performed better than those who watched static images. Sielużycki et al. (2019) used the Kinect device produced by Microsoft to aid motor learning in judo and techniques. Two groups of 12 athletes served within a control group and an experimental group. The control group had limited access to the Kinect device but did have videos of judo techniques; the experimental group had continual access to Kinect with videos of judo techniques. Athletes using the Kinect had improved performance when executing techniques. Rangasamy et al. (2020) studied how deep learning affected learning stages and overall athletic performance and its stages. Deep learning occurred by viewing past actions and observing details to improve movement. Thus, the athlete improved their performance by becoming aware of their movements. Conclusion This review article discussed the effect of motor-perceptual and sensory skills training to improve athletes’ performance in their sport. The athlete’s performance improvement was possible thanks to images and videos and specialized equipment to improve action and reaction times, better decision-making, and improved athlete performance. Benefits of perception training included patients who had suffered a stroke and to slow down normal perceptual deterioration in older adults. Analysis of the articles indicated that perception training incorporating specialized equipment and training techniques improved athletic performance, including timing, scoring, and best performance. Similarly, several motor- perceptual and sensory skills training could help additional patients with various diseases, disorders, and syndromes to improve their quality of life. Acknowledgments I want to acknowledge the original concept by Dr. Marisol Camacho Santiago, professor in the Department of Psychology, PCUPR, and editing this manuscript by Dr. Dallas E. Alston, professor in the Department of Natural Sciences, PCUPR.

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